Saving granny’s
house without ending property taxes or
reassessment
By CINDI ROSS SCOPPE Associate Editor
THERE WAS something more than a little bizarre about last week’s
dog-and-pony show at the State House, when folks demanding the
abolition of residential property taxes handed out tea bags, to
conjure up images of the Boston Tea Party. After all, the American
Revolution was funded by ... property taxes.
Even if the gimmick was anti-historical, though, the event
offered up a reminder of the emotional center of the current
taxpayer revolt, neatly spelled out on one giant banner: “HELP!!!
Save Our Homes.”
We’ve all heard about little old ladies being kicked out of the
homes where they raised their children and lived out their lives.
We’ve talked to people who are sure this will happen to them one
day.
If people’s homes are being sold at tax auction because they
can’t pay property taxes, by golly, then property taxes must be
abolished. Slap on a higher sales tax to make up the difference, if
you must.
Simple problem.
Simple solution.
And huge consequences, which will plague our state for years to
come: The tax burden shifts to businesses and poorer people; less
money is available to pay for schools and possibly even cities and
counties; one of the highest sales tax rates in the country sends
shoppers scurrying to other states and the Internet.
It is not the only solution.
It’s not even the best solution — at least not if your main goal
is keeping the government from selling granny’s house out from under
her.
It’s simply the solution the Legislature is talking about.
A reader called the other week to tell me that our neighbors to
the north have come up with a much better solution, which addresses
the actual problem, without causing the cascade of other problems
that abolishing residential property taxes would: Don’t sell the
houses of people who don’t pay their taxes; instead, place a lien
against the property, and collect the taxes when the house is sold
or inherited.
Turns out that’s not how they do things in North Carolina; they
auction off houses just as we do. But officials there note that they
exhaust “all other methods of collection,” including garnishing
wages.
It’s such a good idea, though, that I still think it’s worth
writing about.
I’m sure some people will label this a “death tax,” because that
suits their political agenda. It is not. The so-called “death tax”
is an additional levy on inherited property. This, on the other
hand, is a deferral of regular taxes until death. It’s not unlike
the reverse mortgages that have become more popular in recent years,
which allow elderly homeowners to borrow money against the value of
their homes; the bank collects the money when they die or sell.
I like the idea because it takes the wind out of an argument that
is far more emotional than real. The number of homes actually sold
at tax auction is minuscule — which is why you so seldom hear of
specific cases of this happening.
I also like it because there actually are some people who lose
their homes of several decades because they can’t pay the taxes, and
this would prevent that.
There are all sorts of ways to design such a program. You could
offer the option to everyone or limit it to a certain age or to
people who have owned their homes a minimum number of years. Or you
could sell the house if the unpaid tax bill ever exceeded the value
of the home, which certainly wouldn’t happen to elderly
homeowners.
Placing a lien on property rather than selling it at auction is a
variation on a theme.
Some states use liens to let elderly residents delay the effect
of reassessment. Homeowners keep paying taxes based on the value of
their home when they reached senior status; the additional taxes are
due when the home is sold or they die. Illinois and Oregon let some
older homeowners defer the entire tax bill until they sell or
die.
Other states take it a step farther and eliminate reassessment
entirely for senior citizens, or for seniors whose income is below a
certain level. Still others cap individuals’ property taxes at a set
percentage of their income.
Technically, the question of what to do about reassessment is
separate from the question of whether to tax homes. The latter is
about how much of the overall tax burden will be borne by
homeowners; the former is about how that tax burden will be split
between homeowners in a given city or county.
But the political lines between the two quickly blur. If you
eliminate reassessment and roll the assessments back to their
previous levels, as the Senate is foolishly considering this week,
then some people calling for an end to property taxes would be
satisfied. On the other hand, if you eliminate some or most
residential property taxes, as the House and Senate both will
consider this session, then some people calling for the elimination
of reassessment would be satisfied.
We miss out on a lot of creative solutions to our problems
because we have a bad tendency to view the world in black and white;
the spigot is all the way on or all the way off: Either you abolish
property taxes, or the government will take people’s homes.
We forget that since the Legislature decides whether homes are
taxed, the Legislature can decide (within limits) what to do when
people don’t pay those taxes.
Once you wrap your mind around that concept, a whole world of new
ideas opens up. We ought to be exploring those ideas, rather than
accepting either/or options. Even though North Carolina’s system for
dealing with unpaid tax bills isn’t so different from ours, I’m sure
there are ideas we could borrow from them — just as there’s
something different in any state that we could, and should, be
learning from.
Ms. Scoppe can be reached at cscoppe@thestate.com or at
(803)
771-8571. |